Who owns basmati? Nepal enters a global battle over a prized grain

As India and Pakistan compete for geographical indication rights, Nepal is drafting its first GI law to protect products from basmati rice to Ilam tea.

Across South Asia, basmati rice has long been associated with prestige. It is the mainstay of parties during special occasions—from weddings and religious ceremonies to Dashain, Tihar and Eid celebrations. The fragrance of basmati—the word ‘basmati’ means ‘fragrant’ in Sanskrit—often defines dishes such as pulao and biryani, adding a sense of occasion to meals served at family kitchens, restaurants and five-star hotel buffets.